摘要

碳青霉烯耐药肠杆菌科（CRE）是一种严重的公共卫生威胁。 由这些生物引起的感染与显着的发病率和死亡率有关。 革兰氏阴性菌（GNB）耐药机制有很多， 携带移动遗传因子的β-内酰胺酶基因是全球抗生素耐药GNB快速传播的关键机制。 在过去的二十年中，肠杆菌科的传播性碳青霉烯耐药性已被公认，但产生碳青霉烯酶的肠杆菌科细菌（CPE）的全球传播是最近的一个问题，一旦开始就以惊人的速度发生。 在本文中，我们将讨论CRE的演变，重点关注CPE大流行的流行病学; 用全球最常见的传染性CPE，肺炎克雷伯菌产碳青霉烯酶肺炎克雷伯菌检查定植和感染的危险因素; 并介绍了用于阻止这些致命病原体惊人传播的策略。

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are a serious public health threat. Infections due to these organisms are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Mechanisms of drug resistance in gram-negative bacteria (GNB) are numerous; β-lactamase genes carried on mobile genetic elements are a key mechanism for the rapid spread of antibiotic-resistant GNB worldwide. Transmissible carbapenem-resistance in Enterobacteriaceae has been recognized for the last 2 decades, but global dissemination of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) is a more recent problem that, once initiated, has been occurring at an alarming pace. In this article, we discuss the evolution of CRE, with a focus on the epidemiology of the CPE pandemic; review risk factors for colonization and infection with the most common transmissible CPE worldwide, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase–producing K. pneumoniae; and present strategies used to halt the striking spread of these deadly pathogens.

https://academic.oup.com/jid/article/215/suppl_1/S28/3092084