摘要

关于控制城市污水处理厂（UWTPs）中抗生素残留和抗生素耐受性/抗性的替代技术的研究有限。这项研究涉及与太阳能Fenton氧化相结合的膜生物反应器（MBR）的效率，用于去除选定的与抗生素相关的微污染物，在中试规模。更具体地说，本研究中检查的方面包括：（i）除去三种抗生素，即磺胺甲恶唑（SMX），红霉素（ERY）和克拉霉素（CLA），（ii）总耐药菌和抗生素耐药菌的发生率iii）整合过程的总DNA和抗生素抗性基因（ARG）去除效率，以及丰富的分类群特异性标记。 MBR处理的流出物中抗生素残留物的存在的定量检查显示SMX浓度为5.5 ng L-1，CLA为7.2 ng L-1，而ERY浓度低于检测限（LOD）。由于MBR流出液中的抗生素浓度较低，因此检测到的抗生素（100μgL-1）的峰电流用于检测太阳能Fenton氧化后的光持久性。在t30W之后，SMX和ERY浓度低于LOD，n = 119.2分钟，而CLA减少84％。总抗生素耐受性可培养细菌大肠杆菌和克雷伯菌属。被完全灭活。另一方面，观察到铜绿假单胞菌的修复，在太阳能Fenton氧化24小时后在选择性培养基上生长2 CFU 100mL-1。总DNA浓度降低了97％，而在处理后确定的剩余总DNA中，肠球菌属物种（3.9 log10 CE 100 ng-1 DNA）和ARG sul1和ermB（分别为1.56和1.53 log10 CE 100 ng-1 DNA）仍然存在，这表明它们的去除的进一步挑战。

There is limited research regarding alternative technologies of controlling the presence of antibiotic residues and antibiotic tolerance/resistance in urban wastewater treatment plants (UWTPs). This study deals with the efficiency of a Membrane BioReactor (MBR) integrated with solar Fenton oxidation for the removal of selected antibiotic-related microcontaminants, at a pilot scale. More specifically, the aspects examined in this study included: (i) the removal of three antibiotics, namely sulfamethoxazole (SMX), erythromycin (ERY) and clarithromycin (CLA), (ii) the prevalence of total and antibiotic-tolerant bacteria, (iii) the total DNA and antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) removal efficiency of the integrated process, as well as the abundance of taxon-specific markers. The quantitative examination of the presence of antibiotic residues in the MBR-treated effluent revealed a concentration of SMX of 5.5 ng L−1, of CLA of 7.2 ng L−1, while ERY concentration was below the limit of detection (LOD). Due to the low antibiotic concentrations in the MBR effluent, spiking of the examined antibiotics (100 μg L−1) was done to examine their photo-persistence after solar Fenton oxidation. SMX and ERY concentrations were below the LOD after t30W,n = 119.2 min, while CLA was reduced by 84%. Total and antibiotic-tolerant cultivable bacteria Escherichia coliand Klebsiella spp. were completely inactivated. On the other hand, there was repair ofPseudomonas aeruginosa observed, with 2 CFU 100 mL−1 growing on the selective media 24 h after solar Fenton oxidation. The total DNA concentration was reduced by 97%, while in the remaining total DNA determined after treatment, the Enterococcus spp. specific gene marker (3.9 log10 CE 100 ng−1 DNA), and the ARG sul1 and ermB (1.56 and 1.53 log10 CE 100 ng−1 DNA, respectively) were still present, indicating the further challenge of their removal.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1385894716305630