摘要

评估了猪粪堆肥（SMC），庭院垃圾堆肥（YWC）或食物垃圾堆肥（FWC）对土壤中抗生素抗性基因丰度的修正的影响。在田间试验中对堆肥进行商业规模应用后，土壤定期取样十年，并进行空气干燥。提取土壤DNA并通过qPCR定量基因靶标。与未处理的对照土壤相比，所有3种修正类型都增加了基因靶标的丰度，最长可达4年。用SMC修正的土壤中几个基因目标的丰度远高于接受YWC或FWC的土壤。基因靶标ermB在SMC治疗中保持较高的十年后应用。在施用后的十年中，梭菌在SMC修正的土壤中显着更丰富。百分之八的Clostridium spp。从SMC处理的分离物进行ermB。总体而言，向土壤中添加有机修饰物有可能增加抗生素抗性基因的丰度。粪便来源的修正案，例如SMC，还将携带携带抗生素抗性基因的细菌。环境顽固性梭菌及其携带的抗生素抗性基因将在施用SMC后的田间条件下持续多年。

The impact of amendment with swine manure compost (SMC), yard waste compost (YWC), or food waste compost (FWC) on the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in soil was evaluated. Following a commercial-scale application of the composts in a field experiment, soils were sampled periodically for a decade, and archived air-dried. Soil DNA was extracted and gene targets quantified by qPCR. Compared with untreated control soil, all 3 amendment types increased the abundance of gene targets for up to 4 years postapplication. The abundance of several gene targets was much higher in soil amended with SMC than in soil receiving either YWC or FWC. The gene target ermB remained higher in the SMC treatment for a decade postapplication. Clostridia were significantly more abundant in the SMC-amended soil throughout the decade following application. Eight percent of Clostridium spp. isolates from the SMC treatment carried ermB. Overall, addition of organic amendments to soils has the potential to increase the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes. Amendments of fecal origin, such as SMC, will in addition entrain bacteria carrying antibiotic resistance genes. Environmentally recalcitrant clostridia, and the antibiotic resistance genes that they carry, will persist for many years under field conditions following the application of SMC.

http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/cjm-2017-0642#.W3N9SZ4puM8