摘要

废污泥中抗生素抗性基因（ARG）的流行，特别是制药废污泥，对人类健康构成巨大潜在风险。尽管影响其传播的ARG和因素对人类健康具有重要意义，但影响污泥处理过程中ARG命运的因素，尤其是制药污泥处理的因素尚不清楚。为了能够最大限度地减少ARG的传播，找到影响其传播的因素非常重要。因此，研究了不同预处理的药物污泥高级AD过程中污泥特性，细菌多样性和群落组成，移动遗传元素（MGEs）等因素，并通过Spearman相关分析阐明了它们与ARGs的亲和力。此外，引入多元线性回归来评估各种因素的重要性。结果显示，个别ARG和总ARG的变异的59.7％-88.3％可以用相应的因子来解释。细菌多样性而不是特定的细菌群落组成影响了ARG的命运，而碱度是本研究中所研究的所有污泥特征中ARG最重要的因素。此外，总ARGs变异的66.4％是由MGE的变化驱动的。多元线性回归模型还揭示了这些因素对ARG的集体影响，以及每个因素对ARG影响的贡献。本研究为制药污泥处理过程中影响ARGs命运的因素提供了更多的理解，并提供了评估各因素重要性的方法，可以引入哪种方法评估影响其他类型污泥或废水处理过程中ARGs的因素。

The prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in waste sludge, especially for the pharmaceutical waste sludge, presents great potential risks to human health. Although ARGs and factors affecting their spreading are of major importance for human health, the factors influencing the fate of ARGs during sludge treatment, especially for pharmaceutical sludge treatment are not yet well understood. In order to be able to minimize ARGs spreading, it is important to find what is influencing their spreading. Therefore, certain factors, such as the sludge characteristics, bacterial diversity and community composition, and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) during the advanced AD of pharmaceutical sludge with different pretreatments were studied, and their affinity with ARGs was elucidated by Spearman correlation analysis. Furthermore, multiple linear regression was introduced to evaluate the importance of the various factors. Results showed that 59.7%-88.3% of the variations in individual ARGs and total ARGs can be explained by the corresponding factors. Bacterial diversity rather than specific bacterial community composition affected the fate of ARGs, whereas alkalinity was the most important factor on ARGs among all sludge characteristics investigated in this study. Besides, 66.4% of variation of total ARGs was driven by the changes of MGEs. Multiple linear regression models also reveal the collective effect of these factors on ARGs, and the contributions of each factor impact on ARGs. This study provides more comprehension about the factors impact on the fate of ARGs during pharmaceutical sludge treatment, and offers an approach to evaluate the importance of each factor, which method could be introduced for evaluation of factors influencing ARGs during other types of sludge or wastewater treatment.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30278414