摘要

严重的粪便污染土壤会使动物聚集区成为环境污染的非点源。原位土壤稳定是一种具有成本效益的管理策略，其重点是降低污染物的可用性并限制向环境的释放。土壤稳定化修正可以帮助减轻污染土壤对环境的负面影响。在这项为期2年的研究中，我们研究了添加无添加剂（对照）或用明矾[Al（SO）⋅18HO]或生物炭作为土壤改良剂处理对Mehlich-3可提取土壤P，Cu和Zn含量，抗菌剂的影响。 monensin浓度，总细菌（16S核糖体RNA [rRNA]基因），抗生素抗性基因（1和B）和1级整合子（1）在废弃的牛肉背景环境中。明矾减少了土壤P（1374至1060mg / kg），Cu（7.7至3.2mg / kg）和Zn（52.4至19.6mg / kg）的含量。明矾和生物炭均降低了monesin浓度（分别为1.8至0.7和2.1至1.1 ng g）。所有处理均具有一致的16个rRNA浓度（10个拷贝g）。无论处理如何，B基因浓度（10拷贝g）都低于1或1基因（10拷贝g）。然而，动物聚集区土壤中所有基因的浓度均高于动物影响最小的背景土壤。与对其他污染物的影响相反，土壤改良剂对具有抗生素抗性基因的细菌的影响不具有生物学意义。未来的研究应该针对评估减轻这些细菌种群的有效替代方法。

Heavy manure-derived contamination of soils can make animal congregating areas nonpoint sources for environmental pollution. In situ soil stabilization is a cost-effective management strategy with a focus on lowering contaminant availability and limiting release to the environment. Soil stabilizing amendments can help mitigate the negative environmental impacts of contaminated soils. In this 2-yr study, we examined the effects of adding no amendment (control) or treating with alum [Al (SO)⋅18HO] or biochar as soil amendments on Mehlich-3 extractable soil P, Cu, and Zn contents, antimicrobial monensin concentrations, total bacteria (16S ribosomal RNA [rRNA] gene), antibiotic resistance genes (1 and B), and Class 1 integrons (1) in an abandoned beef backgrounding setting. The alum reduced soil P (1374 to 1060 mg kg), Cu (7.7 to 3.2 mg kg), and Zn (52.4 to 19.6 mg kg) contents. Both alum and biochar reduced monesin concentrations (1.8 to 0.7 and 2.1 to 1.1 ng g, respectively). All the treatments harbored consistent 16 rRNA concentrations (10 copies g) throughout. The B gene concentration (10 copies g) was lower than either the 1 or the 1 genes (10 copies g), regardless of treatments. However, concentrations of all genes in the soils of animal congregation areas were higher than those in background soils with the least animal impact. In contrast with the effect on other contaminants, the effect of soil amendments on bacteria with antibiotic resistance genes was not biologically significant. Future research should be directed toward evaluating effective alternative methods to mitigate these bacterial populations.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30272780