摘要

了解猪粪堆肥过程中兽用抗生素和相关抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的动态变化对于评估抗生素的环境风险至关重要，这可有效降低其对自然环境的影响。本研究调查了土霉素（OTC），磺胺甲嘧啶（SM1）和环丙沙星（CIP）的消散以及猪粪堆肥过程中相应ARG的行为。以两种浓度水平和两种不同的添加方法（单一/混合物）添加这些抗生素。结果表明，除单一SM1处理外，堆肥对抗生素的去除率≥85％。编码核糖体保护蛋白（RPP）和外排泵（EFP）和氟喹诺酮抗性基因（FRG）的四环素抗性基因（TRGs）可在42天后有效去除。相反，编码酶促失活（EI）和磺酰胺抗性基因（SRG）的TRG富集高达31倍（单低-SM1中的sul 2）。统计分析表明，这些类抗生素和ARG的行为受微生物活动控制，并且在整个堆肥过程中受环境因素（主要是C / N，水分和pH）的显着影响。

Understanding the dynamics of veterinary antibiotic and related antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during swine manure composting is crucial in assessing the environmental risk of antibiotics, which could effectively reduce their impact in natural environments. This study investigated the dissipation of oxytetracycline (OTC), sulfamerazine (SM1) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) as well as the behaviour of their corresponding ARGs during swine manure composting. These antibiotics were added at two concentration levels and two different methods of addition (single/mixture). The results indicated that the removal efficiency of antibiotics by composting were ≥85%, except for the single-SM1 treatment. The tetracycline resistance genes (TRGs) encoding ribosomal protection proteins (RPP) and efflux pump (EFP) and fluoroquinolone resistance genes (FRGs) could be effectively removed after 42 days. On the contrary, the TRGs encoding enzymatic inactivation (EI) and sulfonamide resistance genes (SRGs) were enriched up to 31-fold (sul 2 in single-low-SM1). Statistical analyses indicated that the behaviour of these class antibiotics and ARGs were controlled by microbial activity and significantly influenced by environmental factors (mainly C/N, moisture and pH) throughout the composting process.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30278273