摘要

在这项研究中，我们使用宏基因组学方法检查了治疗前后猪饲养场废水中细菌和噬菌体所具有的抗生素抗性基因（ARG）的类型。我们发现所有水样中细菌DNA中ARG的相对丰度显着高于噬菌体DNA中的ARG（> 10.6倍），并且废水处理没有显着改变细菌或噬菌体相关ARG的相对丰度。我们根据它们赋予抗性的抗生素类别进一步检测了不同类型ARG的分布和多样性，四环素抗性基因是最丰富的抗性基因，噬菌体更可能含有ATP结合盒转运蛋白家族和核糖体。保护基因。此外，还在噬菌体群体中检测到粘菌素抗性基因mcr-1。当评估噬菌体在分散不同ARG组中的贡献时，即使丰度较低，β-内酰胺酶抗性基因也具有相对较高的传播能力。这些发现可能表明，噬菌体不仅可以作为ARG的重要宿主，而且还可以在猪饲养场废水中携带特定的ARG，这种现象与环境无关。

In this study, we examined the types of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) possessed by bacteria and bacteriophages in swine feedlot wastewater before and after treatment using a metagenomics approach. We found that the relative abundance of ARGs in bacterial DNA in all water samples was significantly higher than that in phages DNA (>10.6-fold), and wastewater treatment did not significantly change the relative abundance of bacterial- or phage-associated ARGs. We further detected the distribution and diversity of the different types of ARGs according to the class of antibiotics to which they confer resistance, the tetracycline resistance genes were the most abundant resistance genes and phages were more likely to harbor ATP-binding cassette transporter family and ribosomal protection genes. Moreover, the colistin resistance gene mcr-1 was also detected in the phage population. When assessing the contribution of phages in spreading different groups of ARGs, β-lactamase resistance genes had a relatively high spreading ability even though the abundance was low. These findings possibly indicated that phages not only could serve as important reservoir of ARG but also carry particular ARGs in swine feedlot wastewater, and this phenomenon is independent of the environment.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30459724