摘要

传染病是医学界最大的健康挑战之一。虽然许多抗微生物药物可商购，但它们通常缺乏对抗最近开发的多药耐药（MDR）微生物的有效性。这导致高抗生素剂量施用和开发新抗生素的需要，这又需要时间，金钱和劳动力投资。最近，生物金属纳米颗粒已经证明它们对MDR微生物的有效性，单独地和与现有/常规抗生素协同作用。重要的是，生物源纳米粒子易于生产，易于生产，生物相容且环境友好。此外，生物纳米颗粒被覆盖层包围，为其提供生物相容性和长期稳定性。此外，这些覆盖层提供了与生物组分相互作用的活性表面，由自由活性表面官能团促进。这些基团可用于修饰，例如与抗微生物药物，基因和肽的缀合，以增强其功效和递送。本综述总结了传统的抗生素治疗方法，并强调了使用纳米粒子对抗传染病的好处。

Infectious diseases pose one of the greatest health challenges in the medical world. Though numerous antimicrobial drugs are commercially available, they often lack effectiveness against recently developed multidrug resistant (MDR) microorganisms. This results in high antibiotic dose administration and a need to develop new antibiotics, which in turn requires time, money, and labor investments. Recently, biogenic metallic nanoparticles have proven their effectiveness against MDR microorganisms, individually and in synergy with the current/conventional antibiotics. Importantly, biogenic nanoparticles are easy to produce, facile, biocompatible, and environmentally friendly in nature. In addition, biogenic nanoparticles are surrounded by capping layers, which provide them with biocompatibility and long-term stability. Moreover, these capping layers provide an active surface for interaction with biological components, facilitated by free active surface functional groups. These groups are available for modification, such as conjugation with antimicrobial drugs, genes, and peptides, in order to enhance their efficacy and delivery. This review summarizes the conventional antibiotic treatments and highlights the benefits of using nanoparticles in combating infectious diseases.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30563095