摘要

肠球菌属虽然通常被视为人和动物肠道共生，由于其对许多抗生素的内在或获得性抗性，已经成为重要的医院病原体。家禽被认为是抗生素抗性的储库，可能会加剧肠球菌感染的传播问题。 2016年1月至12月期间，有106种肠球菌属。从总共三种家禽中分离出来。该集合包括从鸡（n = 30），鸭（n = 35）和鸽子（n = 41）中回收的分离物。筛选所有肠球菌分离株形成生物膜的能力。使用椎间盘扩散法测定13种抗生素的抗生素敏感性。通过PCR测定八种抗性基因vanA，vanB，vanC，catA，catB，fexA，fexB和cfr的存在。所有106株分离株均对克林霉素具有抗性，而大多数分离株（> 90％）对红霉素，土霉素，强力霉素，庆大霉素，环丙沙星，诺氟沙星和万古霉素均有耐药性。所有分离株都产生了生物膜，并被归类为广泛的耐药性。确定所有分离株的MARindices> 0.8，表明它们已从高风险污染源中回收。在106个肠球菌分离株中没有检测到cfr抗性基因，而在18.9％（20/106）的分离株中发现了氯霉素抗性基因catA和catB。 Interestengly，fexA 11.9％（15/106），fexB 8.7％（11/106），vanA 18.9％（20/106），vanB 25.5％（27/106）和vanC 33％（35/106）基因也是在我们的研究中确定。本研究突出了一种利奈唑胺敏感 - 耐万古霉素肠球菌的出现，其缺乏cfr基因报告也首次检测到从埃及的鸡，鸭和鸽子中回收的肠球菌中的面粉，铁和猫基因，表明家禽物种可能是传播多重耐药性肠球菌的潜在载体，构成公共卫生风险。

Although commonly regarded as human and animal intestinal tract commensals, Enterococcus spp. have emerged as important nosocomial pathogens due to their intrinsic or acquired resistance to a number of antibiotics. Poultry has been suggested to be a reservoir for antibiotic resistance that may aggravate the problem of transmission of enterococci infections. Between January and December 2016, 106 Enterococcus spp. were isolated from a total of three poultry species. The collection included isolates recovered from chickens (n = 30), ducks (n = 35) and pigeons (n = 41). All enterococci isolates were screened for their ability to form biofilm. The antibiotic susceptibility was determined against 13 antibiotics using the disc diffusion method. The presence of the eight resistance genes, vanA, vanB, vanC, catA, catB, fexA, fexB and cfr was determined by PCR. All 106 isolates were resistant to clindamycin, whereas majority of isolates (>90%) were resistant to erythromycin, oxytetracycline, doxycycline, gentamycin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and vancomycin. All isolates produced biofilms and were classified as extensive drug-resistant. MARindices for all isolates was determined to be > 0.8, indicating that they have been recovered from high risk contamination sources. The cfr resistance gene was not detected in any of the 106 enterococci isolates, whereas the chloramphenicol resistance genes catA and catB were found in 18.9% (20/106) of the isolates. Interestengly, fexA 11.9% (15/106), fexB 8.7% (11/106), vanA 18.9% (20/106), vanB 25.5% (27/106), and vanC 33% (35/106) genes were also determined in our study. The present study highlights the emergence of a linezolid sensitive-vancomycin resistant enterococci, which lacks the cfr gene reporting also for the first time the detection of van, fex and cat -genes in Enterococcus species recovered from chickens, ducks and pigeons in Egypt suggesting that poultry species could be potential vectors for transmission of multidrug resistant enterococci posing a public health risk.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30615998