摘要

     本文通过模拟堆肥试验，研究了麦秸、玉米秸、杨树锯末和蘑菇四种不同添加料在猪粪堆肥过程中的抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）变化及其影响因素。结果表明，堆肥后总ARGs的相对丰度增加了0.19～1.61 logs，其中tetX、sulI、sulII、dfrA1和aadA是主要贡献者。在所有试验中，堆肥过程ARG的分布和细菌群落的变化明显地分为中温-嗜热阶段和冷却-成熟阶段，而不同的添加料并没有产生显著的影响。网络分析证明了堆肥堆中ARGs宿主的多样性、多重耐药菌的存在以及ARGs与理化因子之间呈现弱相关性。值得注意的是，整合子intI1和分枝杆菌（一种潜在的病原菌）在堆肥后丰度增加，它们分别与8种和4种ARGs呈显著正相关。

    The variation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and influential factors in pig manure composting were investigated by conducting simulated composting tests using four different supplement materials (wheat straw, corn straw, poplar sawdust and spent mushroom). The results show that the relative abundance of total ARGs increased by 0.19–1.61 logs after composting, and tetX, sulI, sulII, dfrA1 and aadA were the major contributors. The variations of ARG profiles and bacterial communities throughout the composting were clearly divided into mesophilic-thermophilic and cooling-maturation stages in all tests, while different supplement materials did not exert a noticeable influence. Network analysis demonstrated the diversity of bacterial hosts for ARGs, the existence of multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria, and the weak correlations between ARGs and physicochemical factors in the composting piles. Of note, integron intI1 and Mycobacterium (a potential pathogen) were positively correlated with eight and four ARGs, respectively, that displayed increased abundance after composting.

      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004565352030374X