摘要

      具有多重耐药性的大肠杆菌和抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）对公众健康构成威胁。然而，关于来自不同环境的细菌抗生素耐药基因的传播潜力的信息缺乏。采用培养基分离方法，从动物养殖场、医院和城市污水处理厂（MWWTPs）分离到多重耐药大肠杆菌，并进行了耐药表型和基因分析。对35株多重耐药大肠杆菌进行了进一步筛选，龚检测出61个抗性基因、18个可移动基因元件和基因框架。和医院废水相比，畜禽粪便和MWWTPs菌株在质粒谱上表现出更大的多样性。每个大肠杆菌携带21-26个抗性基因和8-12个可移动基因元件。此外，在34株大肠杆菌中检测到11个基因框架，其中畜禽粪便和MWWTPs的多样性高于医院废水。结果表明，与人类临床来源相比，畜禽粪便和MWWTPs中ARG的转移潜力更大，可能与这些环境中残留抗生素和重金属的大量存在有关。

      Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli and antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) present a danger to public health. However, information on the dissemination potentials of antibiotic resistance among bacteria from different environments is lacking. We isolated multiple antibiotic-resistant Escherichia spp. from animal farms, hospitals, and municipal wastewater-treatment plants (MWWTPs) using culture-based methods, and carried out resistance phenotype and gene analyses. Thirty-five isolates of multiple antibiotic-resistant Escherichia spp. were further screened to detect 61 ARGs, 18 mobile genetic elements (MGEs), and gene cassettes. The isolates from livestock manure and MWWTPs showed greater diversity in plasmid profiling than hospital wastewater. Each Escherichia sp. carried 21–26 ARGs and 8–12 MGEs. In addition, 11 gene cassettes were detected in 34 Escherichia isolates, with greater diversity in livestock manure and MWWTPs than in hospital wastewater. The results indicated that the potential for ARG transfer was higher in livestock manure and MWWTPs compared with human clinical sources, possibly related to the high occurrence of both residual antibiotics and heavy metals in these environments.

     https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653519329777