摘要

       传统的生物处理工艺可以为耐药菌及其携带的耐药基因（ARG）的维持和传播提供良好的环境。本研究调查了三个污水处理厂（wtp）的抗生素耐药性，以确定它们在ARGs传播中的作用。收集对四环素耐药的菌株，对8种抗生素进行耐药性检测，确定其耐药谱和多重耐药率。结果发现，对四环素耐药的细菌比那些对四环素不耐药的细菌更容易表现出对多种抗生素的耐药性。聚合酶链式反应（PCR）检测了污水处理厂和受纳水体细菌群落中存在的四环素抗性决定簇，发现ARGs可能不会从处理过程中释放出来。分离株鉴定结果表明，四环素抗性群体和四环素敏感群体的物种多样性较大，两个类群的组成差异显著。各种群的耐药谱显示，属内存在着大量的耐药模式，表明ARG的传播可能通过水平基因和垂直增殖两种途径进行。

        The conventional biological treatment process can provide a favorable environment for the maintenance and dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) they carry. This study investigated the occurrence of antibiotic resistance in three wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) to determine the role they play in the dissemination of ARGs. Bacterial isolates resistant to tetracycline were collected, and tested against eight antibiotics to determine their resistance profiles and the prevalence of multiple antibiotic resistance. It was found that bacteria resistant to tetracycline were more likely to display resistance to multiple antibiotics compared to those isolates that were not tetracycline resistant. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify the tetracycline resistance determinants present within the bacterial communities of the WWTPs and receiving waters, and it was found that ARGs may not be released from the treatment process. Identification of isolates showed that there was a large diversity of species in both the tetracycline-resistant and tetracycline-sensitive populations and that the two groups were significantly different in composition. Antibiotic resistance profiles of each population showed that a large diversity of resistance patterns existed within genera suggesting that transmission of ARG may progress by both horizontal gene and vertical proliferation.

        https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6079166/