摘要

        随着微生物对抗生素的耐药性不断增强，人们对污水处理厂（WWTPs）的研究越来越感兴趣，因为据报道它们是环境中传播抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）和重金属抗性基因（HMRGs）的主要来源。本研究采用高通量测序的超基因组方法，对韩国光州污水处理厂进水和出水中ARGs和HMRGs的流行率、持续性以及细菌多样性和流动基因元件（MGEs）进行了研究。大量广谱抗性基因（ARG和HMRG）普遍存在并可能持续存在，尽管其中大部分在废水处理过程中被成功去除。与进水相比，出水中ARGs和MGEs的相对丰度较高。我们的结果表明，高丰度的抗性基因和含有ARGs和MGEs的细菌在整个处理过程中可能更持久。在微生物群落分析上，污水处理厂以不动杆菌属的变形菌门，特别是潜在致病菌为主。总之，我们的研究表明，许多ARGs和HMRGs可能维持污水处理厂的处理过程，它们与MGEs的关联可能有助于环境中微生物之间的耐药基因传播。

         The increased antibiotic resistance among microorganisms has resulted into growing interest for investigating the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) as they are reported to be the major source in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and heavy metal resistance genes (HMRGs) in the environment. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and persistence of ARGs and HMRGs as well as bacterial diversity and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in influent and effluent at the WWTP in Gwangju, South Korea, using high-throughput sequencing based metagenomic approach. A good number of broad-spectrum of resistance genes (both ARG and HMRG) were prevalent and likely persistent, although large portion of them were successfully removed at the wastewater treatment process. The relative abundance of ARGs and MGEs was higher in effluent as compared to that of influent. Our results suggest that the resistance genes with high abundance and bacteria harbouring ARGs and MGEs are likely to persist more through the treatment process. On analyzing the microbial community, the phylum Proteobacteria, especially potentially pathogenic species belonging to the genus Acinetobacter, dominated in WWTP. Overall, our study demonstrates that many ARGs and HMRGs may persist the treatment processes in WWTPs and their association to MGEs may contribute to the dissemination of resistance genes among microorganisms in the environment.

        https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12275-018-8195-z