摘要

    由于大量的陆地输入，水产养殖废水和污水排放，抗生素和抗生素抗性基因（ARG）在河口和沿海环境中很普遍。在本文中，基于同行评审的论文，讨论了全球河口和沿海环境中抗生素和ARGs的来源，空间格局，驱动因素以及对环境的影响。河流径流，污水处理厂，污水排放和水产养殖是造成抗生素和ARG流行的原因。在地理上，低收入和中等收入国家的抗生素造成的污染高于高收入国家，而且ARGs表现出显着的纬度变化。抗生素的分布受抗生素使用和环境变量（重金属，营养物，有机污染物等）的驱动，而ARG受抗生素残留，环境变量，微生物群落和移动遗传元素（MGE）的影响。抗生素和ARG会改变微生物群落和生物地球化学循环，并对海洋生物和人类健康构成威胁。我们的结果提供了对全球河口和沿海环境中抗生素和ARGs的运输和环境行为的全面见解。

    Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are prevalent in estuarine and coastal environments due to substantial terrestrial input, aquaculture effluent, and sewage discharge. In this article, based on peer-reviewed papers, the sources, spatial patterns, driving factors, and environmental implications of antibiotics and ARGs in global estuarine and coastal environments are discussed. Riverine runoff, WWTPs, sewage discharge, and aquaculture, are responsible for the prevalence of antibiotics and ARGs. Geographically, pollution due to antibiotics in low- and middle-income countries is higher than that in high-income countries, and ARGs show remarkable latitudinal variations. The distribution of antibiotics is driven by antibiotic usage and environmental variables (heavy metals, nutrients, organic pollutants, etc.), while ARGs are affected by antibiotics residues, environmental variables, microbial communities, and mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Antibiotics and ARGs alter microbial communities and biogeochemical cycles, as well as pose threats to marine organisms and human health. Our results provide comprehensive insights into the transport and environmental behaviors of antibiotics and ARGs in global estuarine and coastal environments.

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969721010767