摘要

    随着各种新兴环境污染物（例如抗生素抗性基因（ARG））的诱导，环境被认为是抗菌素耐药性（AMR）传播的关键指标。因此，由ARGs介导的环境污染引起了世界范围内对公共卫生的重大关注。在涉及ARGs传播的各种遗传机制中，整合素在ARGs的传播中起着至关重要的作用。整合素是可移动的遗传元件，可通过可传播的质粒和转座子在环境环境中捕获和传播ARG。大多数ARGs在革兰氏阴性细菌中发现，主要研究其在临床环境中对抗生素耐药性的潜在作用。作为最常见的微生物之一，大肠杆菌（E. coli）被作为携带耐药基因的指示剂进行了广泛研究，因此本文旨在深入研究ARGs通过与大肠杆菌相关的整合素的传播在临床环境之外，并突出其作为环境污染物的潜在作用。它还着重于确实促进环境污染的多个相关方面，即动物来源的ARG，位于动物农场或附近的水处理厂，农田，野生鸟类和动物。我们相信，这份带有摘要文本的最新研究将有助于读者理解ARG在动物，人类和环境之间的传播和传播的主要机制以及多种因素。

    With the induction of various emerging environmental contaminants such as antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), environment is considered as a key indicator for the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). As such, the ARGs mediated environmental pollution raises a significant public health concern worldwide. Among various genetic mechanisms that are involved in the dissemination of ARGs, integrons play a vital role in the dissemination of ARGs. Integrons are mobile genetic elements that can capture and spread ARGs among environmental settings via transmissible plasmids and transposons. Most of the ARGs are found in Gram-negative bacteria and are primarily studied for their potential role in antibiotic resistance in clinical settings. As one of the most common microorganisms, Escherichia coli (E. coli) is widely studied as an indicator carrying drug-resistant genes, so this article aims to provide an in-depth study on the spread of ARGs via integrons associated with E. coli outside clinical settings and highlight their potential role as environmental contaminants. It also focuses on multiple but related aspects that do facilitate environmental pollution, i.e. ARGs from animal sources, water treatment plants situated at or near animal farms, agriculture fields, wild birds and animals. We believe that this updated study with summarized text, will facilitate the readers to understand the primary mechanisms as well as a variety of factors involved in the transmission and spread of ARGs among animals, humans, and the environment.

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0269749120320583