摘要

    抗生素在全球范围内广泛用于人类和牲畜，并导致环境中存在抗生素抗性细菌（ARB）和抗生素抗性基因（ARG）。废水处理厂（WWTP）已被确定为ARB＆G的主要来源，因此集水区是ARB＆G的潜在受体。这项研究的目的是调查在接受废水处理的荷兰河中抗生素（大分子杀虫剂，磺酰胺，四环素），ARGs（ermB，sul1，sul2，tetW）和1类整合子（针对整合酶基因）的发生情况。植物废水。一年中沿河收集了沉积物和水样。与上游样品相比，污水处理厂显着增加了河流中的抗生素和ARGs的数量，一旦进入河流，抗生素和ARGs的数量就会减少。从污水处理厂污水排放点到下游20公里，ARG都存在于水和沉积物中。这项研究提供了对荷兰废水接收河流系统中抗生素和ARGs流行的了解。即使荷兰的人类抗生素使用量较低，但在河面水沉降系统中仍检测到抗生素，抗生素残留和ARGs，这表明河流有潜力充当ARGs的蓄水池。

   Antibiotics are being used intensively for humans and livestock worldwide and have led to the presence of antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been identified as a point source for ARB&Gs, and water catchments consequently are potential receptors of ARB&Gs. The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of antibiotics (macrolides, sulfonamides, tetracyclines), ARGs (ermB, sul1, sul2, tetW), and class 1 integron (targeting the integrase gene), in a Dutch river that receives wastewater treatment plant effluent. Sediment and water samples were collected during one year along the river. The WWTP significantly increased the amounts of antibiotics and ARGs in the river as compared to the upstream samples, of which the antibiotics decreased once they entered the river. ARGs were persistent in the water and sediment from the WWTP effluent discharge point until 20 km downstream. This study provides insight in the prevalence of antibiotics and ARGs in a wastewater effluent-receiving river system in the Netherlands. Even though human antibiotic usage is low in the Netherlands, antibiotics, residues of antibiotics, and ARGs are detected in the river surface water-sediment system, which shows that a river has the potential to act as a reservoir of ARGs.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213343718301258