摘要

       抗生素在土壤和植物中的积累是农业中一个不断升级的问题，并受到越来越多的关注。然而，植物物种对土壤-蔬菜系统和土壤抗性组中不同类型抗生素命运的影响尚未得到充分探索。为此，进行了温室盆栽实验以模拟 1 mg kg-1 的环丙沙星 (CIP)、土霉素 (OTC)、磺胺甲恶唑 (SMZ) 和泰乐菌素 (TY) 在卷心菜、菊苣和菠菜的土壤中的污染。长大了。我们调查了土壤中抗生素的持久性和蔬菜（即菠菜、菊苣和卷心菜）中的抗生素积累、微生物群落概况以及受污染土壤中 17 种抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 的丰度。 40天后，CIP和OTC在土壤中的残留量和在蔬菜中的积累量均显着高于SMZ和TY。在所有蔬菜中，菠菜的抗生素积累量最高。此外，抗生素污染对土壤微生物丰度没有显着影响；然而，在用 TY 改良的土壤中，土壤微生物多样性显着下降。与蔬菜种类相比，抗生素类型对微生物组成的影响更显着。受污染土壤中某些 ARGs 的相对丰度显着增加。特别是在菊苣土壤中，喹诺酮相关的 cmlA、cmlA2 和 qnrS1 随 CIP 污染而增加，OTC 污染增加了 tetG2 和 otrA，SMZ 增加了 sul1，TY 增加了与大环内酯相关的 carB 和 msrc-01 的相对丰度。然而，一些个体 ARG 因抗生素污染而下降。我们的结果表明，抗生素类型和蔬菜种类共同塑造了土壤微生物和 ARG 的分布图。

       Antibiotic accumulation in soil and plants is an escalating problem in agriculture and is receiving increasing attention. However, the effect of plant species on the fate of different types of antibiotics in a soil-vegetable system and soil resistome has not been adequately explored. To this end, greenhouse pot experiments were conducted to simulate contamination by ciprofloxacin (CIP), oxytetracycline (OTC), sulfamethoxazole (SMZ), and tylosin (TY) at 1 mg kg−1 in the soils in which cabbage, endive, and spinach were grown. We investigated antibiotic persistence in soils and accumulation in vegetables (i.e., spinach, endive, and cabbage), microbial community profiles, and the abundance of 17 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in contaminated soils. After 40 days, the residues of CIP and OTC in soil and their accumulation in vegetables were significantly higher than those of SMZ and TY. Of all vegetables, spinach had the highest antibiotic accumulation. Further, antibiotic contamination had no significant effect on soil microbial abundance; however, soil microbial diversity significantly decreased in soils amended with TY. The antibiotic type more significantly affected microbial composition than the kind of vegetable species. The relative abundances of some ARGs significantly increased in contaminated soils. Particularly, in endive soil, quinolone-associated cmlA, cmlA2, and qnrS1 increased with CIP contamination, OTC contamination increased tetG2 and otrA, SMZ increased sul1, and TY increased macrolide-related carB and msrc-01 relative abundance. However, some individual ARGs declined upon antibiotic contamination. Our results indicated that antibiotic type and vegetable species jointly shape the profiles of soil microorganisms and ARGs.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0045653520322943