摘要

       噬菌体（噬菌体）是我们星球上最丰富和最多样化的生物实体。它们感染易感细菌宿主，它们在其中繁殖或持续存在。在后一种情况下，噬菌体可以通过基因转移赋予宿主新的功能，从而促进它们的适应（短期）和进化（长期）。在这方面，噬菌体在自然环境中细菌宿主中抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 传播中的作用尚未得到明确解决。在这里，我们对来自不同栖息地的 33 种病毒组进行了综合分析，以研究噬菌体是否含有 ARG。我们的结果表明，虽然人类相关病毒组不携带或很少携带 ARG，但来自非人类来源（例如猪粪便、未经处理的污水、淡水和海洋环境）的病毒组包含大量 ARG，因此指出噬菌体可以发挥作用抗生素耐药性传播的一部分。鉴于此，不应低估噬菌体的作用，并且在设计应对全球抗生素耐药性危机的策略时应考虑到这一点。

       Bacteriophages (phages) are the most abundant and diverse biological entities in our planet. They infect susceptible bacterial hosts into which they either multiply or persist. In the latter case, phages can confer new functions to their hosts as a result of gene transfer, thus contributing to their adaptation (short-term) and evolution (long-term). In this regard, the role of phages on the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) among bacterial hosts in natural environments has not yet been clearly resolved. Here, we carry out a comprehensive analysis of thirty-three viromes from different habitats to investigate whether phages harbor ARGs. Our results demonstrate that while human-associated viromes do not or rarely carry ARGs, viromes from non-human sources (e.g. pig feces, raw sewage, and freshwater and marine environments) contain a large reservoir of ARGs, thus pointing out that phages could play a part on the spread of antibiotic resistance. Given this, the role of phages should not be underestimated and it should be considered when designing strategies to tackle the global crisis of antibiotic resistance.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0269749116323478