摘要

       本研究调查了两种抗生素抗性基因 (ARG)——sul1 和 tetG，以及 1 类整合子的整合酶基因——intI1 通过氯化、紫外线 (UV) 和臭氧消毒的失活。 sul1、tetG 和 intI1 的灭活经历了三种消毒剂剂量的增加，氯消毒使 ARGs 和 intI1 基因（氯剂量为 160 mg/L，接触时间为 120 分钟，ARGs 减少 2.98-3.24 log 时）实现了更多的灭活紫外线照射（紫外线剂量为 12,477 mJ/cm2，使 ARG 减少 2.48–2.74 log）和臭氧消毒（臭氧剂量为 177.6 mg/L，使 ARG 减少 1.68–2.55 log）。通过臭氧消毒，16S rDNA 比 ARGs 更有效。选定基因的相对丰度（标准化为 16S rDNA）在臭氧化和低剂量紫外线和氯消毒期间增加。 sul1 和 tetG 的失活与 intI1 基因的失活显示出强烈的正相关（对于 sul1，R 2 = 0.929，p < 0.01；对于 tetG，R 2 = 0.885，p < 0.01）。与其他技术（紫外线消毒、臭氧消毒、芬顿氧化和混凝）相比，氯化是一种从废水中去除 ARG 的替代方法。在40 mg/L的氯剂量、60 min接触时间下，所选基因的灭活效率可达1.65-2.28 log，成本估算为0.041元/m3。

       This study investigated the inactivation of two antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs)—sul1 and tetG, and the integrase gene of class 1 integrons—intI1 by chlorination, ultraviolet (UV), and ozonation disinfection. Inactivation of sul1, tetG, and intI1 underwent increased doses of three disinfectors, and chlorine disinfection achieved more inactivation of ARGs and intI1 genes (chlorine dose of 160 mg/L with contact time of 120 min for 2.98–3.24 log reductions of ARGs) than UV irradiation (UV dose of 12,477 mJ/cm2 for 2.48–2.74 log reductions of ARGs) and ozonation disinfection (ozonation dose of 177.6 mg/L for 1.68–2.55 log reductions of ARGs). The 16S rDNA was more efficiently removed than ARGs by ozone disinfection. The relative abundance of selected genes (normalized to 16S rDNA) increased during ozonation and with low doses of UV and chlorine disinfection. Inactivation of sul1 and tetG showed strong positive correlations with the inactivation of intI1 genes (for sul1, R 2 = 0.929 with p < 0.01; for tetG, R 2 = 0.885 with p < 0.01). Compared to other technologies (ultraviolet disinfection, ozonation disinfection, Fenton oxidation, and coagulation), chlorination is an alternative method to remove ARGs from wastewater effluents. At a chlorine dose of 40 mg/L with 60 min contact time, the selected genes inactivation efficiency could reach 1.65–2.28 log, and the cost was estimated at 0.041 yuan/m3.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-014-3919-z