摘要

       更多关注水环境中抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的丰度和多样性。然而，很少有研究调查水生生物中 ARGs 的持久性和空间变异。这项研究调查了 ARGs 的发生和丰度以及广东、华南不同地区养殖期对虾肠道细菌种群的研究结果表明，sul1、sul2、qnrD和floR是主要的ARGs。三个养虾场的成年虾肠道均高出2.45-3.92倍（p<0.05），成年虾肠道细菌数量发生较大变化。冗余分析（RDA）显示Proteobacteria、Firmicutes和Verrucomicrobia的丰度在农场 A、B 和 C 中，分别与最丰富和主要的基因（sul1 和 qnrD对于农场 A；农场 B 的 floR 和 sul2；虾肠道中农场 C) 的 floR 和 sul2。这项研究的结果表明，ARGs 在养殖虾的发育阶段获得持久性。不同区域的虾肠道中ARGs丰度增加的原因是优势菌门的不同。本研究代表了水产养殖中 ARGs 的持久性和空间变异的案例研究，可以作为确定 ARGs 对食品安全和人类健康有害影响的参考。

       More attention has been paid to the abundance and diversity of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in aquatic environments. However, few studies have investigated the persistence and spatial variation of ARGs in aquatic organisms. This study investigated the occurrence and abundance of ARGs and the bacterial populations in shrimp intestinal tracts during the rearing period in different regions of Guangdong, South China. The results showed that sul1, sul2, qnrD, and floR were the predominant ARGs. Compared with those of juvenile shrimp, the total concentrations of ARGs in the intestinal tract of adult shrimp in three shrimp farms were 2.45–3.92 times higher (p < 0.05), and the bacterial populations in the adult shrimp intestinal tract changed considerably. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the abundance of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Verrucomicrobia in Farms A, B, and C, respectively, were strongly positively correlated with the most abundant and predominant genes (sul1 and qnrD for Farm A; floR and sul2 for Farm B; floR and sul2 for Farm C) in the shrimp intestinal tract. The results of this study indicated that ARGs gained persistence in the developmental stages of the reared shrimp. Different phyla of predominant bacteria were responsible for the increase of ARGs abundance in the shrimp intestinal tract in different regions. This study represents a case study of the persistence and spatial variation of ARGs in aquaculture and can be a reference for the determination of harmful impacts of ARGs on food safety and human health.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016041201830374X