摘要

       新鲜粪便堆肥是一种有效的方法，可以在将新鲜粪便作为有机肥料用于农田之前灭活病原体并降低抗生素和一些抗生素抗性基因（ARG）的水平。然而，一些 ARGs 可能仍然存在，甚至在堆肥后得到丰富。本研究调查了与堆肥改良剂相比，将堆肥猪粪转化为生物炭是否可以减少 ARG 向土壤中的传播。我们使用小白菜 (Brassica chinensis) 进行了盆栽实验，使用两种猪粪堆肥和来自堆肥猪粪的生物炭作为有机肥料。通过高通量 qPCR 和 Illumina 测序评估了栽培过程中土壤中抗生素抗性组、移动遗传元件 (MGE) 和细菌群落组成的分布。生物炭处理土壤中的总 ARGs 和 MGEs 丰度在栽培过程中显着低于堆肥改良土壤中的丰度。生物炭改良土壤中的总 ARGs 丰度与栽培期间对照土壤中的相似。因此，通过将粪便转化为生物炭，可以有效地减少 ARGs 从动物粪便向环境的传播。

The composting of fresh manure is an effective way to inactivate pathogens and reduce the levels of antibiotics and some antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) prior to its application on agricultural land as organic fertilizer. However, some ARGs could still exist and even be enriched after composting. This study investigated whether converting composted pig manure into biochar could reduce the dissemination of ARGs into the soil in comparison with a compost amendment. We performed a pot experiment using pakchoi (Brassica chinensis), with two pig manure-based composts and the biochar derived from composted pig manure, as organic fertilizers. The distributions of the antibiotic resistome, mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and bacterial community composition in soils during cultivation were evaluated by high-throughput qPCR and Illumina sequencing. The total ARGs and MGEs abundance in the biochar-treated soils were significantly lower than those in the compost-amended soils during cultivation. The total ARGs abundance in the biochar-amended soils was similar to that in the control soils during cultivation. Thus, the dissemination of ARGs from animal waste to the environment can be effectively mitigated by converting manure into biochar.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969718333394