摘要

       为了检验门诊抗生素处方与废水中抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 丰度的季节性关系的假设，我们调查了德累斯顿下水道系统和废水处理厂中处方和不同 ARG 在两年内的分布情况。抽样活动。基于定量 PCR (qPCR)，我们的结果显示了相对 ARG 丰度的明显季节性模式。秋季和冬季较高的 ARGs 水平与较高的抗生素处方率一致。虽然大多数相关 ARG 在废水处理前后没有观察到相对丰度的显着差异，但处理明显影响了微生物群落组成和丰度。这表明 ARG 可能不是主要受废水处理过程影响的主要细菌分类群的一部分，或者携带质粒的细菌保持不变，而无质粒的细菌减少。万古霉素 (vanA) 是一个例外，它在处理过的废水中显示出更高的相对丰度。废水处理过程中的积极选择或群落变化很可能导致 vanA 的富集。我们的结果表明，在一项中期研究中，qPCR 和由药物相关健康数据证实的下一代测序的组合是表征废水和处理过的废水中 ARG 季节性变化的合适方法。

       To test the hypothesis of a seasonal relationship of antibiotic prescriptions for outpatients and the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the wastewater, we investigated the distribution of prescriptions and different ARGs in the Dresden sewer system and wastewater treatment plant during a two-year sampling campaign. Based on quantitative PCR (qPCR), our results show a clear seasonal pattern for relative ARGs abundances. The higher ARGs levels in autumn and winter coincide with the higher rates of overall antibiotic prescriptions. While no significant differences of relative abundances were observed before and after the wastewater treatment for most of the relative ARGs, the treatment clearly influenced the microbial community composition and abundance. This indicates that the ARGs are probably not part of the dominant bacterial taxa, which are mainly influenced by the wastewater treatment processes, or that plasmid carrying bacteria remain constant, while plasmid free bacteria decrease. An exception was vancomycin (vanA), showing higher relative abundance in treated wastewater. It is likely that a positive selection or community changes during wastewater treatment lead to an enrichment of vanA. Our results demonstrate that in a medium-term study the combination of qPCR and next generation sequencing corroborated by drug-related health data is a suitable approach to characterize seasonal changes of ARGs in wastewater and treated wastewater.

https://academic.oup.com/femsec/article/92/5/fiw060/2470064?login=true