摘要

       在两个典型的猪废水处理系统中研究了抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 的季节性变化和去除效率，包括四环素抗性基因（tetG、tetM 和 tetX）和大环内酯（ermB、ermF、ereA 和 mefA）。冬天和夏天。使用实时聚合酶链反应测定法对 ARG、1 类整合子基因和 16S rRNA 基因进行定量。生猪废水中ARGs的变化为0.31-3.52 log，冬季ARGs丰度高于夏季。 tetM、tetX、ermB、ermF 和 mefA 非常丰富。大多数个体处理过程都有效降低了 ARGs 的丰度，并且 ARGs 的去除效率在冬季高于夏季。然而，在检查相对丰度时，ARG 的命运变化很大。厌氧消化降低了 tetX、ermB、ermF 和 mefA 的相对丰度，而泻湖处理降低了 tetM、ermB、ermF 和 mefA。序批式反应器 (SBR) 降低了 tetM、ermB 和 ermF，但生物过滤器和湿地在两个采样季节对 ARGs 的去除效率不一致。就整个处理系统而言，ermB 和 mefA 在冬季和夏季的总丰度和相对丰度均有效减少。 tetG和ereA的相对丰度与intI1显着相关（p < 0.01），废水处理后tetG和ereA均增加。这可能对公众健康构成巨大威胁。

       The seasonal variation and removal efficiency of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), including tetracycline resistance genes (tetG, tetM, and tetX) and macrolide (ermB, ermF, ereA, and mefA), were investigated in two typical swine wastewater treatment systems in both winter and summer. ARGs, class 1 integron gene, and 16S rRNA gene were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. There was a 0.31–3.52 log variation in ARGs in raw swine wastewater, and the abundance of ARGs in winter was higher than in summer. tetM, tetX, ermB, ermF, and mefA were highly abundant. The abundance of ARGs was effectively reduced by most individual treatment process and the removal efficiencies of ARGs were higher in winter than in summer. However, when examining relative abundance, the fate of ARGs was quite variable. Anaerobic digestion reduced the relative abundance of tetX, ermB, ermF, and mefA, while lagoon treatment decreased tetM, ermB, ermF, and mefA. Sequencing batch reactor (SBR) decreased tetM, ermB, and ermF, but biofilters and wetlands did not display consistent removal efficiency on ARGs in two sampling seasons. As far as the entire treatment system is concerned, ermB and mefA were effectively reduced in both winter and summer in both total and relative abundance. The relative abundances of tetG and ereA were significantly correlated with intI1 (p < 0.01), and both tetG and ereA increased after wastewater treatment. This may pose a great threat to public health.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11356-015-5891-7