摘要

       污水处理厂是抗生素抗性细菌 (ARB) 和抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 的热点。然而，已经进行了有限的研究来比较各种生物处理过程对 ARB 和 ARG 的减少。该研究探索了对六组抗生素（万古霉素、庆大霉素、红霉素、头孢氨苄、四环素和磺胺嘧啶）和相应的耐药基因（vanA、aacC1、ereA、ampC、tetA 和 sulI）的异养细菌的减少情况，其中包括 5 个工作台-规模生物反应器。结果表明，膜生物反应器（MBR）和序批式反应器（SBR）显着降低了 ARB 丰度，分别在 2.80∼3.54 log 和 2.70∼3.13 log 范围内，其次是活性污泥（AS）。生物过滤器 (BF) 和厌氧（上流式厌氧污泥床，UASB）技术导致的减少量相对较低。相比之下，ARGs 并没有像 ARB 一样减少。 AS和SBR也显示出显着降低ARGs的潜力，而MBR和UASB不能有效降低ARGs。冗余分析表明，废水质量参数（COD、NH4 +-N 和浊度）的净化与 ARB 和 ARGs 减少呈正相关。

       Wastewater treatment plants are hot spots for antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However, limited studies have been conducted to compare the reductions of ARB and ARGs by various biological treatment processes. The study explored the reductions of heterotrophic bacteria resistant to six groups of antibiotics (vancomycin, gentamicin, erythromycin, cephalexin, tetracycline, and sulfadiazine) and corresponding resistance genes (vanA, aacC1, ereA, ampC, tetA, and sulI) by five bench-scale biological reactors. Results demonstrated that membrane bioreactor (MBR) and sequencing batch reactor (SBR) significantly reduced ARB abundances in the ranges of 2.80∼3.54 log and 2.70∼3.13 log, respectively, followed by activated sludge (AS). Biological filter (BF) and anaerobic (upflow anaerobic sludge blanket, UASB) techniques led to relatively low reductions. In contrast, ARGs were not equally reduced as ARB. AS and SBR also showed significant potentials on ARGs reduction, whilst MBR and UASB could not reduce ARGs effectively. Redundancy analysis implied that the purification of wastewater quality parameters (COD, NH4 +-N, and turbidity) performed a positive correlation to ARB and ARGs reductions.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-016-7048-8