摘要

       在本研究中，应用新开发的宏基因组分析方法研究了水产养殖场沉积物、活性污泥、生物膜、厌氧消化污泥和河水中抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 和移动遗传元件 (MGE) 的丰度和多样性。 .针对每个样品的宏基因组序列数据进行了针对综合抗生素耐药性数据库的 BLASTX 分析，然后使用自定义脚本基于结构化子数据库对 ARG 样序列进行排序。结果表明，淡水鱼塘沉积物的丰度最高（196 ppm），厌氧消化污泥在本研究的样品中具有最高的 ARG 多样性（133 个亚型）。值得注意的是，利福平抗性基因在所有不同样品中都是普遍存在的，并且始终占注释的 ARG 序列总数的 26.9~38.6%。此外，发现 ARG 的多样性（亚型数量）与不同样品中质粒的多样性之间存在显着的线性相关性（R 2 = 0.924）。这项工作提供了不同环境下 ARGs 和 MGEs 的广谱扫描，并首次揭示了利福平抗性基因的流行以及 ARG 多样性与质粒多样性之间的强相关性。

       In the present study, a newly developed metagenomic analysis approach was applied to investigate the abundance and diversity of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in aquaculture farm sediments, activated sludge, biofilm, anaerobic digestion sludge, and river water. BLASTX analysis against the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database was conducted for the metagenomic sequence data of each sample and then the ARG-like sequences were sorted based on structured sub-database using customized scripts. The results showed that freshwater fishpond sediment had the highest abundance (196 ppm), and anaerobic digestion sludge possessed the highest diversity (133 subtypes) of ARGs among the samples in this study. Significantly, rifampin resistance genes were universal in all the diverse samples and consistently accounted for 26.9~38.6 % of the total annotated ARG sequences. Furthermore, a significant linear correlation (R 2 = 0.924) was found between diversities (number of subtypes) of ARGs and diversities of plasmids in diverse samples. This work provided a wide spectrum scan of ARGs and MGEs in different environments and revealed the prevalence of rifampin resistance genes and the strong correlation between ARG diversity and plasmid diversity for the first time.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00253-014-5511-3