摘要

       在中国新疆博斯腾湖采集的 17 个水样中量化了抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 和抗性细菌的出现。异养平板计数法用于检测磺胺类和四环素类耐药菌的水平，其平均浓度分别为 2.50 × 105 和 4.63 × 103 CFU/mL。对磺胺类（sul1、sul2）和四环素类（tetM、tetO、tetW）的抗性基因进行检测，结果显示所有样品均获得除tetO基因外的所有其他ARGs。对获得的四个 ARG 进行了进一步量化，结果表明磺胺耐药基因普遍存在。 sul1/16s-rRNA 的相对丰度在 2.81 × 10−5 到 3.33 × 10−3 的范围内，sul2/16s-rRNA 的相对丰度在 1.04 × 10−5 到 3.80 × 10−3 的范围内。对于tet基因，tetM/16s-rRNA和tetW16s-rRNA的相对浓度范围分别为1.18×10-5至2.46×10-4和1.58×10-6至4.19×10-4。 ARGs 之间的浓度差异可能与每个基因的不同特征有关。该研究验证了博斯腾湖受ARGs和耐药菌的影响，从而使该湖成为ARGs和耐药菌转移的重要水库。

       The occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and resistant bacteria was quantified in 17 water samples collected across Bosten Lake, Xinjiang, China. The heterotrophic plate count method was used to detect the levels of sulfonamide- and tetracycline-resistant bacteria, which have mean concentrations of 2.50 × 105 and 4.63 × 103 CFU/mL, respectively. The resistance genes of sulfonamide (sul1, sul2) and tetracycline (tetM, tetO and tetW) were detected, and results showed that all other ARGs except the tetO gene were obtained from all samples. Four of the obtained ARGs were further quantified, and results showed that the sulfonamide resistance genes were prevalent. The relative abundance was in the range of 2.81 × 10−5 to 3.33 × 10−3 for the sul1/16s-rRNA and 1.04 × 10−5 to 3.80 × 10−3 for the sul2/16s-rRNA. For the tet genes, the relative concentrations of tetM/16s-rRNA and tetW16s-rRNA ranged from 1.18 × 10−5 to 2.46 × 10−4 and 1.58 × 10−6 to 4.19 × 10−4, respectively. The concentration divergence among ARGs may be related to the different characteristics of each gene. This study validated that Bosten Lake was affected by ARGs and resistant bacteria, thus turning the lake into an important reservoir for the transfer of ARGs and resistant bacteria.

https://iwaponline.com/wst/article-abstract/70/5/925/18581/Distribution-of-antibiotic-resistance-genes-in