摘要

       抗生素的过度使用和随意丢弃扩大了抗生素耐药性库，从肠道、废水、活性污泥到土壤、淡水甚至海洋。基于抗生素抗性基因数据库的结构化数据库和二代测序，首次采用宏基因组分析对华南水稻土中的抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）进行检测和定量。共鉴定出 16 种 ARGs，对应 110 个 ARGs 亚型。水稻土中ARGs的丰度和分布模式与活性污泥和原始深海沉积物中的显着不同，但与人类受影响的河口沉积物的丰度和分布模式相近。多药耐药基因是所有样品中最主要的（38-47.5%）类型，检测到的ARGs包括三种主要的耐药机制，其中外排泵是主要的耐药机制。冗余分析（RDA）显示pH值与ARGs亚型分布显着相关（P < 0.05）。我们的研究结果提供了水稻土壤中 ARGs 的广谱概况，表明 ARGs 在中国南方水稻土壤中的广泛分布。

       The overuse and random disposal of antibiotics has expanded the pool of antibiotic resistance, from the intestines, wastewater, activated sludge to soil, fresh water and even the ocean. Based on the structured database and next-generation sequencing of the antibiotic resistance gene database, metagenomic analysis was used for the first time to detect and quantify antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in paddy soils in South China. A total of 16 ARGs were identified, corresponding to 110 ARGs subtypes. The abundance and distribution pattern of ARGs in paddy soil are significantly different from those in activated sludge and primitive deep-sea sediments, but are similar to the abundance and distribution patterns of human-affected estuary sediments. Multidrug resistance genes are the most important (38-47.5%) type of all samples. The detected ARGs include three main resistance mechanisms, of which the efflux pump is the main resistance mechanism. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that pH was significantly correlated with the distribution of ARGs subtypes (P <0.05). Our results provide a broad-spectrum overview of ARGs in rice soils, indicating the widespread distribution of ARGs in rice soils in southern China. 

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292906830_Metagenomic_profiles_of_antibiotic_resistance_genes_ARGs_in_paddy_soils_from_South_China