摘要

       废水回收和再利用是通过工业冷却替代自然用水来缓解水资源短缺的一种有前景的方法。然而，由于在再生水中检测到大量抗生素抗性细菌 (ARB)，因此对源自再生水的冷却水的健康担忧正在增加。为了评估工业冷却回用后再生水中 ARB 风险的潜在增加，研究了高碑店湖水和沉积物样品中 6 种 ARB 的流行情况，该湖作为再生水冷却回用的人工循环蓄水池。还研究了处理过的废水和冷却水排放对水和沉积物样品中 ARB 分布的影响。结果表明，湖水样品中六种ARB的浓度水平与处理后的废水中的浓度水平相当。使用后排出的冷却水中总异养细菌（HPC）和 ARB 的年中值浓度分别比处理后的废水和冷却水取水点高 0.6-log 和 0.4-log，表明冷却水使用过程增强了 HPC 的增殖，从而增加了 ARB 的浓度。此外，水中青霉素、氨苄青霉素和头孢菌素耐药菌的百分比分别比沉积物中高 30-57%、36-48% 和 23-40%。然而，水中耐氯霉素细菌的比例比沉积物中的低35-85%。抗生素耐药性的定量评估表明，水中的 HPC 对青霉素和氯霉素具有显着的耐受性，50% 的抑制浓度分别达到 22.90 mg L-1 和 29.11 mg L-1。

       Wastewater recycling and reuse is a promising way to alleviate water shortages by replacing natural water with industrial cooling. However, due to the detection of a large number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in the reclaimed water, health concerns about the cooling water derived from the reclaimed water are increasing. In order to assess the potential increase in the risk of ARB in recycled water after industrial cooling and reuse, the prevalence of six ARBs in the water and sediment samples of Gaobeidian Lake was studied. The lake was used as an artificial circulation reservoir for cooling and recycling of recycled water. The effects of treated wastewater and cooling water discharge on the distribution of ARB in water and sediment samples were also studied. The results showed that the concentration levels of the six ARBs in the lake water samples were comparable to the concentration levels in the treated wastewater. The annual median concentrations of total heterotrophic bacteria (HPC) and ARB in the cooling water discharged after use are 0.6-log and 0.4-log higher than the intake points of the treated wastewater and cooling water, respectively, indicating that the use of cooling water enhances the proliferation of HPC , Thereby increasing the concentration of ARB. In addition, the percentages of penicillin, ampicillin and cephalosporin resistant bacteria in the water were 30-57%, 36-48% and 23-40% higher than those in the sediments, respectively. However, the proportion of chloramphenicol-resistant bacteria in water is 35-85% lower than that in sediments. The quantitative evaluation of antibiotic resistance showed that HPC in water has significant tolerance to penicillin and chloramphenicol, with 50% inhibitory concentrations reaching 22.90 mg L-1 and 29.11 mg L-1, respectively.

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2015/em/c5em00177c/unauth#!divAbstract