摘要

        近年来,由于抗生素的滥用首先诱导动物体内产生抗生素抗性基因(antibiotic resistance genes,ARGs),从而加速了抗性基因在环境中细菌间的传播扩散.目前,抗生素抗性基因作为一类新型环境污染物,在不同环境介质中的传播、扩散可能比抗生素本身的环境危害更大.本文针对抗生素抗性基因在地表水、地下水、医疗废水、城市污水处理厂、养殖场、土壤、沉积物以及大气环境中的来源、分布、传播情况以及国内外最新研究动态进行综述.分析了抗生素抗性基因在环境中的潜在传播途径及其可能影响因素,并指出光照,厌氧,高温处理可以有效遏制抗生素抗性基因在环境中的传播和扩散.揭示了抗生素抗性基因可能造成的生态风险,针对我国对该类污染物的研究现状,提出了今后的研究重点.

       In recent years, the abuse of antibiotics first induced the production of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in animals, thereby accelerating the spread of resistance genes between bacteria in the environment. At present, antibiotic resistance genes are a new type of environment The spread and diffusion of pollutants in different environmental media may be more harmful to the environment than antibiotics themselves. This article focuses on antibiotic resistance genes in surface water, groundwater, medical wastewater, urban sewage treatment plants, breeding farms, soil, sediments, and The source, distribution, transmission in the atmospheric environment and the latest research trends at home and abroad are reviewed. The potential transmission routes of antibiotic resistance genes in the environment and their possible influencing factors are analyzed, and it is pointed out that light, anaerobic, and high temperature treatment can effectively contain them. The spread and proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes in the environment reveals the ecological risks that antibiotic resistance genes may cause, and proposes future research priorities for the current research status of this type of pollutants in China.

http://hjhx.rcees.ac.cn/article/id/hjhx_494