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探索污水处理厂质粒宏基因组中抗生素抗性基因和金属抗性基因

发布者:抗性基因网 时间:2021-09-18 浏览量:1322

摘要

       质粒在微生物群落中作为独立的遗传元件起作用。通过水平基因转移(HGT),它们可以为宿主微生物提供抗生素抗性和重金属抗性等重要功能。在本研究中,使用从两个污水处理厂 (WWTP) 的进水、活性污泥 (AS) 和消化污泥 (DS) 中提取的质粒 DNA 构建了六个宏基因组文库。与废水处理厂同一部门提取的总DNA的宏基因组相比,质粒宏基因组的注释率明显更高,表明质粒上的功能基因通常为所研究的微生物所共有。同时,质粒宏基因组还编码了更多与防御机制相关的基因,包括 ARGs。在抗生素抗性基因 (ARGs) 数据库和金属抗性基因 (MRGs) 数据库中搜索发现了这些质粒宏基因组上的广谱抗生素(总共 618 种亚型中的 323 种)和 MRGs(总共 23 种亚型中的 23 种) .与 AS 和 DS 宏基因组相比,流入的质粒宏基因组包含更多的抗性基因(ARG 和 MRG)。从质粒宏基因组组装了 16 个具有完整环状结构并携带这些抗性基因的新型质粒。本研究结果表明,污水处理厂中的质粒可能是抗性基因的重要储存库,并可能在这些基因的水平转移中发挥重要作用。

       Plasmids function as independent genetic elements in microbial communities. Through horizontal gene transfer (HGT), they can provide host microorganisms with important functions such as antibiotic resistance and heavy metal resistance. In this study, six metagenomic libraries were constructed using plasmid DNA extracted from the influent, activated sludge (AS) and digested sludge (DS) of two sewage treatment plants (WWTP). Compared with the metagenomics of total DNA extracted from the same department of the wastewater treatment plant, the annotation rate of the plasmid metagenomics is significantly higher, indicating that the functional genes on the plasmids are usually shared by the microorganisms under study. At the same time, the plasmid metagenomic group also encodes more genes related to defense mechanisms, including ARGs. A search in the Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs) and Metal Resistance Genes (MRGs) databases found broad-spectrum antibiotics (323 of a total of 618 subtypes) and MRGs (a total of 23 subtypes) on the metagenomics of these plasmids 23 of them). Compared with AS and DS metagenomics, the incoming plasmid metagenomics contains more resistance genes (ARG and MRG). 16 new plasmids with complete circular structures and carrying these resistance genes were assembled from the plasmid metagenomics. The results of this study indicate that plasmids in sewage treatment plants may be important reservoirs for resistance genes and may play an important role in the horizontal transfer of these genes.

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01025/full?report=reader