摘要
      微塑料携带的抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的污染越来越令人担忧。红树林位于陆地和海洋的交汇处，受到MP污染的严重影响。然而，很少有研究对MP携带的ARGs在红树林中的传播风险进行系统研究。我们通过将五种不同的MP（聚丙烯、高密度聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和聚己内酯颗粒）埋在不同周围环境的红树林中进行了原位实验。使用定量实时聚合酶链反应检测了红树林MPs中的10个基因，包括8个ARG和2个移动遗传元件（MGE）。生活区观海公园红树林（GH）的ARGs丰度高于保护区高桥红树林（GQ）和养殖池塘区北岳堤红树林（BY）。在红树林的MP表面发现了致病细菌，如不动杆菌、芽孢杆菌和弧菌。GH红树林中多种耐药细菌携带的ARGs数量大于GQ和by红树林。此外，生长激素红树林中MP携带的ARGs通过水平基因转移具有最高的潜在传播风险。社会计量和环境因素是形成ARGs和MGE分布特征的主要驱动因素。聚丙烯和高密度聚乙烯颗粒是获得扩散ARG的优选基质。这项研究调查了红树林MPs中ARGs的驱动因素，并为塑料的使用和处理提供了重要指导。
Abstract
The pollution of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) carried by microplastics (MPs) is a growing concern. Mangroves are located at the intersection of land and sea and are seriously affected by MP pollution. However, few studies have systematic research evaluating the transmission risk of ARGs carried by MPs in mangroves. We conducted in situ experiments by burying five different MPs (polypropylene, high-density polyethylene, polystyrene, polyethylene glycol terephthalate, and polycaprolactone particles) in mangroves with different surrounding environments. A total of 10 genes in the MPs of mangroves were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions, including eight ARGs and two mobile genetic elements (MGEs). The abundance of ARGs in Guanhai park mangroves in living areas (GH) was higher than that of Gaoqiao mangroves in protected areas (GQ) and Beiyue dike mangroves in aquaculture pond areas (BY). Pathogenic bacteria, such as Acinetobacter, Bacillus, and Vibrio were found on the MP surfaces of the mangroves. The number of ARGs carried by multiple drug-resistant bacteria in the GH mangroves was greater than that in the GQ and BY mangroves. Moreover, the ARGs carried by MPs in GH mangroves had the highest potential transmission risk by horizontal gene transfer. Sociometric and environmental factors were the main drivers shaping the distribution characteristics of ARGs and MGEs. Polypropylene and high-density polyethylene particles are preferred substrates for obtaining diffuse ARGs. This study investigated the drivers of ARGs in the MPs of mangroves and provided essential guidance on the use and handling of plastics.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969722028686