摘要
      本研究探讨了猪粪好氧堆肥过程中生物炭对抗生素和抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的影响。首先，对粪肥中抗生素的组成和含量进行了定性和定量测定。生物炭促进了这些抗生素（土霉素、金霉素和四环素）的降解。携带ARGs的抗生素抗性细菌的相对丰度（RA）约占细菌总数的29.32%。厚壁菌门和放线菌门分别是堆肥早期和后期的优势门级细菌。生物炭使ARGs的总RA降低了16.83%±4.10%。在好氧堆肥过程中，与四环素抗性密切相关的tetW和tetL显著降低，生物炭能够促进这种去除。生物炭增强结核分枝杆菌kasA突变体的RAs。与抗生素外排泵（如baeS和arlS）相关的ARGs的RAs保持在高水平。总之，生物炭促进了抗生素的降解和ARGs的去除。
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of biochar on antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during aerobic composting of pig manure. First, the composition and content of antibiotics in the manure were determined qualitatively and quantitatively. Biochar promoted the degradation of these antibiotics (oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, and tetracycline). The relative abundance (RA) of antibiotic-resistant bacteria carrying ARGs accounted for about 29.32% of the total bacteria. Firmicutes and Actinomycetes were dominant phylum-level bacteria at the early and late stages of composting, respectively. Biochar decreased the total RA of ARGs by 16.83%±4.10%. tetW and tetL, closely related to tetracycline resistance, were significantly diminished during aerobic composting, and biochar was able to promote this removal. Biochar enhanced RAs of Mycobacterium tuberculosis kasA mutant. RAs of ARGs related to antibiotic efflux pumps, such as baeS and arlS, remained at a high level. Conclusively, biochar promotes degradation of antibiotics and removal of ARGs.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0960852422004473