摘要

众所周知，微生物有多种能力，如生产抗微生物化合物，这在理想的实验室条件下通常不会出现。常见的抗微生物发现技术需要分离单个培养物并针对目标微生物进行单独筛选。实现表达隐藏的抗微生物剂的一种策略是通过共培养诱导。在产生细菌素的乳酸菌领域，已经有一些研究集中在共培养诱导产生细菌素的特性，特别是这种相互作用的分子机制。细菌素诱导微生物和细菌素产生微生物之间没有明确的关系。三组分调控系统似乎在诱导中起着核心作用，但诱导化合物尚未鉴定或表征。然而，通用信使分子自身诱导因子- 2的存在在某些情况下与共培养诱导型细菌素表型有关，它可能在三组分调节系统的额外调节中发挥作用。了解诱导机制将有助于开发筛选和开发共培养细菌素产生系统和新产品的策略，以及这些系统在食物中和肠道中的长久性，可能给宿主带来益生菌效应。

It is common knowledge that microorganisms have capabilities, like the production of antimicrobial compounds, which do not normally appear in ideal laboratory conditions. Common antimicrobial discovery techniques require the isolation of monocultures and their individual screening against target microorganisms. One strategy to achieve expression of otherwise hidden antimicrobials is induction by co-cultures. In the area of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria, there has been some research focusing into the characteristics of co-culture-inducible bacteriocin production and particularly the molecular mechanism(s) of such interactions. No clear relationship has been seen between bacteriocin-inducing and bacteriocin-producing microorganisms. The three-component regulatory system seems to be playing a central role in the induction, but inducing compounds have not been identified or characterized. However, the presence of the universal messenger molecule autoinducer-2 has been associated in some cases with the co-culture-inducible bacteriocin phenotype and it may play the role in the additional regulation of the three-component regulatory system. Understanding the mechanisms of induction would facilitate the development of strategies for screening and development of co-culture bacteriocin-producing systems and novel products as well as the perseverance of such systems in food and down to the intestinal tract, possibly conferring a probiotic effect on the host.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00253-016-7486-8