摘要

 微塑料(MP)作为持久性有机污染物(POPs)的载体对水生生物的作用一直是一个争论的话题。然而，如果生物体中的相对污染物浓度高于微塑料，则会发生相反的POP迁移。我们通过将多氯联苯(PCB 18、40、128和209)暴露于多氯联苯(PCB 18、40、128和209)和藻类的混合物中，评估了微塑料对浮游动物多氯联苯去除的影响；水蚤只暴露在藻类中作为对照。以多氯联苯体重、生长、繁殖力和元素组成(%C和%N)为终点。在用微塑料喂养的水蚤中，PCB 209的去除效率更高，而其他同系物和Σ多氯联苯在微塑料暴露动物和对照动物之间没有差别。此外，在携带多氯联苯的动物和接受混合微塑料食物的动物中，也观察到了较高的比产蛋量。然而，微塑料暴露对生殖力的影响很低，因为多氯联苯体负担和微塑料接触浓度大大超过了与环境有关的浓度。

 Abstract
      The role of microplastic (MP) as a carrier of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) to aquatic organisms has been a topic of debate. However, the reverse POP transport can occur if relative contaminant concentrations are higher in the organism than in the microplastic. We evaluated the effect of microplastic on the PCB removal in planktonic animals by exposing the cladoceran Daphnia magna with a high body burden of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB 18, 40, 128 and 209) to a mixture of microplastic and algae; daphnids exposed to only algae served as the control. As the endpoints, we used PCB body burden, growth, fecundity and elemental composition (%C and %N) of the daphnids. In the daphnids fed with microplastic, PCB 209 was removed more efficiently, while there was no difference for any other congeners and ΣPCBs between the microplastic-exposed and control animals. Also, higher size-specific egg production in the animals carrying PCB and receiving food mixed with microplastics was observed. However, the effects of the microplastic exposure on fecundity were of low biological significance, because the PCB body burden and the microplastic exposure concentrations were greatly exceeding environmentally relevant concentrations.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30779782